Biography of Hernando Pizarro - Hernan Pizarro Profile

Life story of Hernando Pizarro - Hernan Pizarro Profile Life story of Hernando Pizarro: Hernando Pizarro (ca. 1495-1578) was a Spanish conquistador and the sibling of Francisco Pizarro. Hernando was one of five Pizarro siblings to travel to Peru in 1530, where they drove the success of the relentless Inca Empire. Hernando was his sibling Franciscos most significant lieutenant and as such got a colossal portion of the benefits from the success. After the success, he participated in the common wars among the conquistadors and by and by vanquished and executed Diego de Almagro, for which he was later detained in Spain. He was the main of the Pizarro siblings to arrive at mature age, as the rest were executed, killed or kicked the bucket on the war zone. Excursion to the New World: Hernando Pizarro was conceived at some point around 1495 in Extremadura, Spain, one of the offspring of Gonzalo Pizarro and Ines de Vargas: Hernando was the main genuine Pizarro sibling. At the point when his senior sibling Francisco came back to Spain in 1528 hoping to select men for a campaign of success, Hernando quickly signed up, alongside his siblings Gonzalo and Juan and their ill-conceived relative Francisco Martã ­n de Alcntara. Francisco had just become well known in the New World and was one of the main Spanish residents of Panama: all things considered, he longed for making an immense score like Hernn Cortã ©s had done in Mexico. The Capture of the Inca: The Pizarro siblings came back to the Americas, sorted out an endeavor and left from Panama in December of 1530. They landed on what is today the bank of Ecuador and started working their path south from that point, at the same time discovering indications of a rich, amazing society in the zone. In November of 1532, they advanced inland to the town of Cajamarca, where the Spaniards got a chance of a lifetime. The leader of the Inca Empire, Atahualpa, had quite recently crushed his sibling Huascar in an Inca common war and was in Cajamarca. The Spaniards convinced Atahualpa to allow them a group of people, where they sold out and caught him on November 16, murdering huge numbers of his men and hirelings all the while. The Temple of Pachacamac: With Atahualpa hostage, the Spanish set out to plunder the affluent Inca Empire. Atahualpa consented to a luxurious payoff, occupying rooms in Cajamarca with gold and silver: locals from everywhere throughout the Empire started bringing treasure by the ton. At this point, Hernando was his siblings most confided in lieutenant: different lieutenants included Hernando de Soto and Sebastin de Benalczar. The Spaniards started to hear stories of extraordinary riches at the Temple of Pachacamac, found not a long way from present-day Lima. Francisco Pizarro gave the activity of discovering it to Hernando: it took him and a bunch of horsemen three weeks to arrive and they were disillusioned to find that there was very little gold in the sanctuary. In transit back, Hernando persuaded Chalcuchima, one of Atahualpas top officers, to go with him back to Cajamarca: Chalcuchima was caught, finishing a significant danger to the Spanish. First Trip Back to Spain: By June of 1533, the Spaniards had procured a huge fortune in gold and silver dissimilar to anything seen previously or since. The Spanish crown consistently took one fifth of all fortune found by conquistadors, so the Pizarros needed to get a fortune most of the way around the globe. Hernando Pizarro was depended with the undertaking. He left on June 13, 1533 and showed up in Spain on January 9, 1534. He was actually gotten by King Charles V, who granted liberal concessions to the Pizarro siblings. A portion of the fortune had not yet been softened down and some unique Inca works of art were put out there in the open for some time. Hernando enrolled more conquistadors †a simple activity †and came back to Peru. The Civil Wars: Hernando kept on being his siblings most faithful supporter in the years that followed. The Pizarro siblings had a frightful spat with Diego de Almagro, who had been a significant accomplice in the main endeavor, over the division of plunder and land. A common war broke out between their supporters. In April of 1537, Almagro caught Cuzco and with it Hernando and Gonzalo Pizarro. Gonzalo got away and Hernando was later discharged as a component of arrangements to end the battling. By and by, Francisco went to Hernando, giving him an enormous power of Spanish conquistadors to overcome Almagro. At the Battle of Salinas on April 26, 1538, Hernando crushed Almagro and his supporters. After a hurried preliminary, Hernando stunned all of Spanish Peru by executing Almagro on July 8, 1538. Second Trip Back to Spain: In mid 1539, Hernando by and by withdrew for Spain accountable for a fortune in gold and silver for the crown. He didnt know it, however he would not come back to Peru. At the point when he showed up in Spain, supporters of Diego de Almagro persuaded the King to detain Hernando at la Mota mansion in Medina del Campo. Then, Juan Pizarro had passed on fighting in 1536, and Francisco Pizarro and Francisco Martã ­n de Alcntara were killed in Lima in 1541. When Gonzalo Pizarro was executed for injustice against the Spanish crown in 1548, Hernando, still in jail, turned into the last making due of the five siblings. Marriage and Retirement: Hernando lived like a ruler in his jail: he was permitted to gather the rents from his impressive bequests in Peru and individuals were allowed to come and see him. He even kept a long-term fancy woman. Hernando, who was agent of his sibling Francisco’s will, kept the vast majority of the plunder by wedding his own niece Francisca, Francisco’s just enduring youngster: they had five kids. Lord Phillip II discharged Hernando in May of 1561: he had been detained more than 20 years. He and Francisca moved to the city of Trujillo, where he constructed an eminent royal residence: today it is an exhibition hall. He passed on in 1578. Heritage of Hernando Pizarro: Hernando was a significant figure in two significant verifiable occasions in Peru: the triumph of the Inca Empire and the ruthless common wars among the ravenous conquistadors that followed. As his sibling Franciscos believed right-hand man, Hernando helped the Pizarros become the most impressive family in the New World by 1540. He was viewed as the most amiable and most smooth-discussing the Pizarros: hence he was sent to the Spanish court to make sure about benefits for the Pizarro tribe. He additionally would in general have better associations with the local Peruvians than his siblings: Manco Inca, a manikin ruler introduced by the Spanish, trusted Hernando Pizarro, in spite of the fact that he detested Gonzalo and Juan Pizarro. Afterward, in the common wars among the conquistadors, Hernando won the urgent triumph against Diego de Almagro, consequently crushing the best adversary of the Pizarro family. His execution of Almagro was presumably less than ideal - the ruler had raised Almagro to aristocrat status. Hernando paid for it, spending the greatest long stretches of a mind-blowing remainder in jail. The Pizarro siblings are not recalled affectionately in Peru: the way that Hernando was most likely the least remorseless of the parcel isnt saying a lot. The main sculpture of Hernando is a failure that he charged himself for his royal residence in Trujillo, Spain. Sources: Stitching, John. The Conquest of the Inca London: Pan Books, 2004 (unique 1970). Patterson, Thomas C. The Inca Empire: The Formation and Disintegration of a Pre-Capitalist State.New York: Berg Publishers, 1991.

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B12 Deficiency What is Vitamin B12 Deficiency Nutrient B12 lack limits selenium methylation and discharge bringing about higher tissue selenium levels and resulting poisonousness. It happens in individuals whose stomach related frameworks don't sufficiently ingest the nutrient from the nourishments they eat. By and large, they expend not exactly a large portion of the grown-up nutrient B12 Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) while severe veggie lovers (who don't eat any creature items, including meat, eggs, or milk) are at a considerably more serious hazard. Nutrient B12 is significant since it works with the nutrient folate to make the body’s hereditary material and help keep levels of the amino corrosive homocysteine under tight restraints which assists with diminishing coronary illness chance. It is additionally basic in the creation of red platelets which bring oxygen through the blood to the body’s tissues. Life Extension gives offers some of selenium supplements. Children who are conceived of guardians with l ow selenium and nutrient B12 rich nourishments are in danger of sickliness. Reasons for Vitamin B12 Deficiency Selenium is a...

Payday Loan Storefronts Concentrated in Disadvantaged Communities

Payday Loan Storefronts Concentrated in Disadvantaged Communities Payday Loan Storefronts Concentrated in Disadvantaged CommunitiesInside Subprime: Dec 12, 2018By Holly KaneMultiple studies have found that payday loan storefronts are concentrated in low-income communities and communities of color, which negatively affects those communities in the areas of job losses and economic spending.A Howard University study of four southeastern states found that payday loan usage led to a   decline in consumer spending â€" people using disposable income to purchase goods and services, thereby bolstering the economy â€" by about $400 million on average statewide.“Based on the locations of these lenders, it is clear that they target minority and low- to middle-income groups, and densely populated areas,” the Howard study said.According to the Howard study, more than 80 percent of Florida’s payday loan storefronts were located in communities with a median income between $30,000 and $40,000, while nearly all of them (1,200 out of 1,277) were in communities that were more than 30 percent African-American and up to 60 percent Hispanic. In Alabama, nearly 94 percent were located in zip codes with a minority population of 20 percent or higher. In Louisiana, areas with high concentrations of payday loan stores also bore 20-percent poverty rates and up to 19 percent unemployment.“Generally, researchers have determined that these target communities are attractive to payday lenders because of systematic neglect by traditional financial institutions,” the Howard study said.Communities without access to traditional lines of credit or mainstream banking services are more likely to fall prey to the conveniently located promise of easy cash. A 2018 report by the Center for Investigative Reporting found that banks routinely deny home loans to people of color at a rate of up to five times as often as whites. Nearly 30 percent of U.S. households are unbanked or underbanked, according to the FDIC, meaning they either don’t have a banking account or, if they do have one, also rely on non-mainstream financial services, like payday loans.In a separate study that cross-referenced payday loan store statistics with federal census data, researchers in California found that the state’s roughly 2,000 payday loan brick-and-mortar stores are located mostly in poor communities. In pointing out the “financial vulnerability of populations surrounding payday storefronts,” the study found that nearly two-thirds of payday storefronts were located in zip codes with poverty rates higher than the state average, while “In zip codes where the average number of payday storefronts was twice the overall average, the percentage of blacks and Latinos exceeded their share of the total state population.”Payday lending supporters argue that even without storefronts prominently located in vulnerable communities, borrowers will turn to online lenders. But, while the prevalence of online lending is increasing, brick-and-mortar stores continue to be the primary source of payday loans, according to Pew. Three out of every four borrowers use retail storefronts exclusively, while only one in six use online lenders exclusively.For more information on payday loans, scams,  cash advances, and  title loans,  check out our state and city financial guides.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Various Benefits from Affirmative Action in the United States Free Essay Example, 1750 words

Patricia Gurin who is the professor of psychology at the University of Michigan says that students in a diverse educational setting gain better learning and their tendency to play an active part in the democratic and pluralistic society after the end of their studies is enhanced. Therefore, affirmative action is the need of universities in America. Critics see diversity as a cause of dysfunctional conflicts among the organizational personnel. However, this is a very pessimistic and extremely biased assessment of the impacts of diversity upon the organizational culture. Although there is some possibility of arising of dysfunctional conflicts among the organizational personnel because of their cultural differences, yet this problem can be tackled with effective management and the conflict-resolution practices in place in the organization. Affirmative action is the need of the society because of the widespread lack of equality in the socioeconomic status of people in the USA. There are a lot of places where some people earn more than others simply because the former belong to the majority while the latter form part of the minority. The National Committee on Pay Equity found that women, on average, earn 29 cents lesser than a man s dollar. We will write a custom essay sample on Various Benefits from Affirmative Action in the United States or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

A Research On My Sophomore Honors English Class - 1693 Words

Over the past three years my sophomore honors English class completed a project-based unit where students publish a thoughtful collection of narrative nonfiction writing in which they tell specific family stories. Along the way students conduct interviews to produce a journalistic piece of writing and then utilize creative writing techniques to develop characters, settings and use selected literary devices. The project culminates with the publishing and launching of a hardbound copy book using professional methods and local collaboration. Why this project? Why a project-based unit? Four years ago our high school began the journey of opening a school within our school that would offer a project-based experience. The desire is to†¦show more content†¦StoryCorps.org is an organization whose mission is â€Å"to provide people of all backgrounds and beliefs with the opportunity to record, share, and preserve the stories of our lives.† StoryCorps furnishes a lesson that introduces students to their mission and helps students learn basic skills in interviewing and storytelling. During this students explore the meaning of story, watch and listen to video clips from StoryCorps, collaborate with classmates on interviewing techniques, and share strategies for improving an interview. StoryCorps also supplies a list of selected questions which is divided into specific categories like: â€Å"Questions for parents,† â€Å"Questions about growing up,† â€Å"Questions about serious illness,† or â€Å"Questions about military service.† It is not until we have worked through the StoryCorps lesson that I handout the document introducing the project. It outlines the publishing of a collection of biographical narratives where each student will contribute a specific story from one or more family members. Along the way, students will utilize methods of professional journalism, historians, biographers, authors and more. To get started I ask students to choose a family member/significant adult and using the StoryCorps question list schedule a time to interview the adult. I ask that they make at least an audio recording of the interview. I believe it is very important that students interview the adult in person. We talk about how the interview

The Great Depression - 521 Words

Instructor: Dr. Line During the 1930s, which was also called â€Å"the Great Depression†, banks failed in larger numbers than at any other time United States history. Almost one-third of the depository institutions in operation at the onset of the downturn disappeared during the contraction. Therefore, the economic, especially the bank’s system, also was hurt painfully and terribly. Of course, the Pacific Northwest area could not be out of that list. So the main point is how the Great Depression affects to the Pacific Northwest in general and Washington State specifically economy especially about the banking system. First of all, the definition of the â€Å"Great Depression† should be understood clearly before the any further information can be discussed. The Great Depression began in the summer of 1929. In that morning, â€Å"the downturn became markedly worse in late 1929 and continued until early 1933.† The real output and prices fell in a straight line which showed the dropping number in an industrial production nearly 47 percent and real GDP (which is Gross Domestic Product) fell 30 percent . The wholesale price index declined 33 percent (such declines in the price level are referred to as â€Å"deflation†). Although, the government had tried to prevent the unemployment rate at one significant, the rate still exceeded 20 percent at its highest point . Because of no job, money became the most valuable that they did not want to spend. Though, it was the reason that led to the failure ofShow MoreRelatedThe Depression Of The Great Depression1223 Words   |  5 Pagesfar-re aching consequences as the Great Depression. This experience was the most extended and severe depression of the Western world. It was an economic downturn that began in 1929 and lasted until 1939. 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Because the large companies who made films with a focus on making money were gone the filmmakers and artists were able to concern themselves with the art of film, they often took poetic innovations thatRead MoreThe Great Depression1133 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself,† is a famous quote once said during the Great Depression by Franklin D. Roosevelt. After one world war, great financial fallout, and another world war to follow, the twentieth century was already shaping out to be a handful. When the Great D epression was coming to an end and the economy was trying to turn around, jobs started opening up and a new wave of immigrants came into New York, the Puerto Ricans. For some the American dream was to come to

NTFS filing system Essay Example For Students

NTFS filing system Essay NTFS is the newer filing system from Windows merely Windows 2000 and higher usage NTFS and FAT32. Which file system is intended chiefly for usage in big USB flash thrusts? I think it would be NTSF it a little more better an newer when it comes to the new OS out at that place similar Windowss 8/7/ and possibly Vista XP merely in instance you have application that might run better on view and XP. Plus since USB didn’t come out until Windows 98 good that when I foremost saw a USB port Which file system provides support for larger difficult thrusts and better security in the signifier of encoding and permissions that restrict entree by unauthorised users? NTFS is usage for security encoding. FAT32 has no security encoding that one ground why Microsoft made NTSF so people can some type of security encoding. It is available in all versions of Windows developed for concern environments from Windows 2000 onwards. Encoding is the procedure of encoding messages or information in such a manner that merely authorised parties can read it. Encoding does non of itself prevent interception. but denies the message content to the interceptor There is besides the Encrypting File System EFS on Microsoft Windows is a characteristic introduced in version 3. 0 of NTFS that provides file system-level encoding. The engineering enables files to be transparently encrypted to protect confidential informations from aggressors with physical entree to the computing machine. EFS is available in all versions of Windows developed for concern environments from Windows 2000 onwards. By default. no files are encrypted. but encoding can be enabled by users on a per-file. per-directory. or per-drive footing. Some EFS scenes can besides be mandated via Group Policy in Windows sphere environments. Cryptographic file system executions for other runing systems are available. but the Microsoft EFS is non compatible with any of them. Why FAT32 is preferred over NTFS file system? I didn’t know people like FAT 31 over NTFS until I took this category. so when I look it up in my text book to see why would person would preferred FAT32 over NTSF in its because it is recommended for difficult discs merely if the difficult disc must besides be accessed by dual- booting with an older version of Windows like Windows 95. 98. or Me. Then I understand since NTSF is non supported by Windows 95. 98. and Me. As with most old package it won’t support new engineering unless the new tech is made for the old package but I see people preferred NTFS since it more up to day of the month if person ask me which one is better FAT32 or NTFS I would state so to acquire NTFS.

The Theme Of Revenge In Othello Essay Example For Students

The Theme Of Revenge In Othello Essay Revenge is a constant theme throughout the play Othello. It is portrayed through the character Iago. Iago is determined to destroy Othello and his loved ones. This retribution is a result of Othello promoting Cassio to the position of lieutenant. The theme of revenge is the motivation of Iagos hatred toward Othello. In the beginning of the play, Iago feels betrayed by his good friend, Othello. Through many years of loyalty and service Iago is n personal suit to make lieutenant39. When Othello has to choose his lieutenant, he appoints Cassio. Iago feels hurt and betrayed, and realizes there no remedy40 except for revenge. He . . . hate the Moor . . . 63 and comes to the conclusion that . . . nothing can or shall content soul ill evened with . . . 76. We will write a custom essay on The Theme Of Revenge In Othello specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In an attempt for revenge, Iago publically humiliates Brabantio at Othellos expense. In the middle of the night, Iago calls outside Brabantios house to inform him that his daughter, Desdemona has run away and eloped with Othello. Coming from two different backgrounds, Desdemonas father takes offense to their interracial marriage. This demeans Othello and causes him to prove to Brabantio that he did not use any witchcraft or black magic to win Desdemonas heart. When Desdemona professes her true love for Othello, her father disowns her. Iagos first attempt to destroy Othello is successful, yet he still craves revenge. He devises a plan to destroy Othello. He wants to make Othello believe that Cassio is having an affair with his wife Desdemona. This will cause Othello to regret appointing Cassio as his lieutenant and simultaneously destroy Othellos life. He knows that he must bring this monstrous birth to the worlds light64 if he wants to avenge Othellos betrayal. Iago is successful in convincing Othello that his wife is unfaithful. utraged, Othello murders Desdemona. Immediately after, Emilia, Iagos wife and Desdemonas mistress156, explains to Othello that her husband has been lying to him and Desdemona had been faithful. Iago then murders Emilia. Iago succeeds in destroying Othellos life as well as his own. In summation, Iago consumes his life with hatred and vengeance. Revenge is one of the main themes in this play. It drives Iago to do many irrational things and destroys Iagos friendship with Othello, the love Desdemona and Othello shared, and the trust between Cassio and Othello. The need for revenge is part of human nature, but if it is blown out of proportion, it can have devastating effects.

Author Interview #1 †Jane Davis

Author Interview #1 - Jane Davis Author Interview #1 - Jane Davis We’ve had the pleasure of interviewing some great freelancers from inside the industry. And while we’ve learned a great deal about the practicalities of writing, we were left wanting to hear from the other side of the creative process - the writer themselves.Well, good news everyone! We’re now going to be featuring interviews with some of the indie author scene’s established darlings and rising stars. We’ll be talking about how it feels to be at the vanguard of the movement, what they’ve learned getting here, and how they make it work.Our first interview is with Jane Davis, author of, among other things, ‘Half-truths and White Lies’ and  'An Unchoreographed Life.’REEDSY: I was just enjoying the extract you have on your site from An Unchoreographed LifeJANE DAVIS: Thank you. While I shy away from the label ‘Women’s Fiction’ I think of that novel as the most ‘Women’s Fiction’ thing I ’ve written. Although, having said that, one of the last reviews I had was from a single father saying much how he related to it, and that was very interesting.REEDSY: I’ve never really ‘got’ the whole idea of there being a label ‘Women’s Fiction’ - it seems to not say much about the work it describes.JD: Sometimes fiction gets pigeonholed with inappropriate labels. That was my problem with ‘Half-truths and White Lies’. I was pigeonholed as an author of Women’s Fiction, and I’ve massively shyed away from that since. But maybe I’ve come full-circle. Prostitution was an issue I wanted to address at the time when changes in the law were proposed, but since it’s such a sensitive issue, I chose to address it from the point of view of a mother/daughter relationship.REEDSY: So how do you describe your writing?JD: Well, it’s been called literary, but I’m slightly embarrassed by that. I thi nk it has this connotation of being highbrow and inaccessible. For me, my fiction is all about the characters. I put them in these terrible scenarios and feed them to the lions. I try to write sympathetic characters but then I make terrible things happen to them!So I suppose I write contemporary-stroke-literary. I put the label, ‘historical’ on ‘I Stopped Time,’ my homage to the pioneers of photography and it’s consistently been my best-seller. I think that’s because historical fiction is a label people relate to more than ‘literary’ or ‘contemporary’. They know where ‘historical’ sits. ‘I Stopped Time’ is actually a time-lapse novel, which goes between the present day and the lifetime of a woman who lived to the age of 108. But with the ‘historical’ label, people have an expectation of what they’re going to get - whereas ‘literary’ can be quite off-putting. S ome people I interview describe their work as ‘general fiction’ - I don’t have a feel for what that means either.REEDSY: It’s a sort of negative definition - telling you basically nothing†¦JD: I think the fact that my fiction is cross-genre - that I think of myself as a brand - is a large part of why being an indie author suits me. Random House didn’t take my follow-up to ‘Half-Truths and White Lies,’ because it wasn’t ‘Women’s Fiction’ and they had published me under their Black Swan imprint, which is exclusively for Women’s Fiction. I simply wasn’t aware of the implications. But at that point I wasn’t thinking long term. I had won a competition and was happy to be published, however that came about.I saw Adele Parks speak at the London Author Fair. She told us that when she was first published, she was given the choice of marketing her fiction as commercial or literary, and when she asked what the difference was, she was told, â€Å"Well, literary sells 7,000 copies and commercial sells 70,000 copies.† I’d not heard it in terms as blunt as that before, but I don’t think those figures were unusual in those days. Of course, post-2008, book sales have taken a nose-dive.REEDSY: Can literary fiction work without the support of a publisher? One argument against self-publishing goes that it can only sustain work that meets certain standards of viability in terms of sales. How do you find it?JD: I’ve only been doing this for two years, but my sales figures have only really pushed upwards with cross-selling. When people buy one of my books they do seem to come back and buy all of them. I’m not selling in big numbers by any means. I’m willing to give books away in order to hook readers†¦As for traditionally published authors, I’ve spoken to a few who are thinking of going indie when their deals come up for renewal. M ost are under two book contracts and they hear rumours that those contracts won’t be renewed under the same terms, and there’s also a great deal of dissatisfaction from the authors themselves about the lack of marketing support offered by publishers. Advances are also considerably lower. When I was at the London Book Fair this year, I was hearing about figures of  £5000 for one book or  £8000 for two books. Take from that the cost of marketing and there’s not a lot left in the pot.However, the authors I have met on the speaking circuit still firmly believe that bookshops are their realm. Are you familiar with the ALLi’s ‘Open up to Indies’ campaign?’ I’ve been going out and talking in bookshops and libraries, sometimes pairing up with traditionally published authors, because bringing a crowd puller obviously helps to opens doors. The estimates are that 70% of books will be self-published by 2020. It’s very difficult t o think that bookshops will only want to offer 30% of what’s available. And it’s quite clear that the 70% is going to include books by some of the authors bookshops and libraries currently stock. A stance against stocking self-published fiction is plainly unrealistic, but authors need to put themselves in the places of booksellers and librarians. Quality control is an issue that concerns them.REEDSY: I feel like the myth of the uniformly low quality of indie books is starting to die out†¦ slowly, but it’s fading.JD: I hope so. I use accreditation services that give a clear indication that my books have passed rigorous assessment. And the rise of small presses of course is continuing . Their publications are performing very well in competitions, very well. I went to a book launch this week for an author who has just been snapped up by a small publisher, Burning Eye Books. They publish mainly poetry. In fact, this is their first fiction title. Alice Furse sel f-published in January and they approached her. I think she’ll do very well out of it because they only have one fiction author to promote right now, and having that concentration of force behind you is fantastic. It’s the kind of support you might expect from an agent but wouldn’t normally get from a publisher.Author collectives are also enjoying a great deal of success. Having a name and collective power helps. I didn’t have enough forethought to do any of those things! I went ahead and published under my own name - I think I’d do things slightly differently now.REEDSY: What would you do differently?JD: More preparation. It’s too easy to publish. Don’t push the button unless you’re absolutely certain that the work is as good as it can possibly be. The problem is you’re too close to the book to judge that yourself - even though I used a copy editor and several proofreaders, my first self-published book went out with 13 typos in it. It’s easy to update it if you’ve got the control of the manuscript, but actually I was quite embarrassed that there was a first edition out there†¦ The money I spent on printing books that I then ditched would have been better spent on a further proofread. Because of course you can’t just hire one copy editor and one proofreader. The process needs multiple pairs of eyes.I think that rather than use the free ISBNs offered by self-publishing services, having ISBNs registered under your own name - so that you are shown as the publisher of your own work - helps. When you go to a bookshop there isn’t the ‘Amazon prejudice.’ I don’t put an awful lot of energy into getting my books onto shelves, because it’s very hard for me to break even on the percentages I’m offered, and the sale or return model doesn’t work for most indie authors. Then there’s the question of staying stocked. Even when I was t raditionally published, bookstores didn’t stock my title automatically. I had to go into branches week after week saying â€Å"Right, you’ve sold the copies you had on the shelves, can you order more?† It’s very time-consuming. A couple of indie shops stock my book, and they are amazingly supportive. When I’ve done talks at Waterstones they’ve been happy to stock my books on the night, but they wouldn’t ordinarily because I publish via Createspace. As a result of being in the Smashwords Premium Catalogue, my paperbacks are now available online with WH Smiths and Blackwells now, which was a surprise, so maybe the tide is turning. In the future I’ll think about buying my own ISBN and register it under my own name.Since joining ALLi I’ve become a lot more aware of these issues - all the little things which might hold you back.REEDSY: How much of your time now do you spend on writing vs managing the self-publishing element?J D: I’m quite active on social media. I had a lot of talks over the summer, which took time to set up. It’s not a case of going into a library and they’ll ask you to come along in the next month. Sometimes the impact of the ground work you’re doing comes one or two years down the line. I think, in all honesty, I spend more than 50% of my time on things like social media, sharing content, interviewing authors for my website†¦ Of all of those activities, interviewing authors has been the most helpful. Initially I approached everyone who appeared on the Guardian’s list of the top 30 indie books of 2013. There’s a very supportive community of indie authors out there. Interviews take up quite a lot of time, but I think they’re incredibly worthwhile. You don’t get immediate rewards, but an author you have interviewed might perhaps read and review your books, or offer a return interview†¦My third indie release was in November 2013. I had no publicity, so it was a very soft launch. April 2014 I released ‘An Unchoreographed Life’, and I was inundated with offers from people offering me guest blog posts, interviews, etc. The difference was that I had offered that facility to other authors. It’s very much a reciprocal thing. So marketing is not always direct marketing. It’s the soft-sell and building brand awareness. I’d say more than 50% of my time is spent on it - I wouldn’t want to say how much more than 50%!REEDSY: Would you think about outsourcing the marketing at some point?JD: Well, I have no budget. I recently relaunched my website and paid The Curved House to design it. I think it was money well-spent, even though it will knock out any profit I might have made next year. My original website had been built for one book, and I had tweaked it over time, but the look wasn’t cohesive. Now, it will be easier to add to, and I’m glad I’ve invest ed the money. But my budget is generally minimal. I often barter with people, offering to help out in exchange for return services.REEDSY: How about production?JD: I try to stick to a budget of  £1000 -  £1500. I think that’s a sensible level because only 5% of books sell more than 1000 copies. Interestingly, most authors I know aren’t making money from their sales, they make it from other services they offer.In terms of where I spend the money, my cover designs are really important to me. They are my brand. None of them have cost very much. I use a graphic designer. I come up with the design myself, and he executes it.  I also use a team of beta readers who have more or less replaced the need for a structural edit (something I used to pay for), and a copy editor and a proofreader. The typesetting and e-book conversion I do myself. In addition to writing my own stuff, I also do work for other authors as part of bartering process.REEDSY: Are there services you see authors being tempted to neglect?JD: It’s not always a question of ‘neglecting’ services. You have to look at the reasons behind choices. I know some authors who are very against using a copyeditor, not because they’re ‘unprofessional,’ but because they’re very anti-censorship and see using a copyeditor as a form of that. However, if your reason for not using a copy editor or a proofreader is lack of funds - I would say think again. Save the money and invest or decide what skills you have that you can offer someone else.When you’re starting out it’s tremendously hard but I’ve had massive support, even before I was a member of ALLi. Not necessarily from my writer’s group. You’re not a novelty there, everyone’s got a book they want readers for - but the Keep Fit group I’ve been going to for 25 years. I’ve found some fantastic beta readers and proofreaders there. The thing is not to be afraid to ask for help. There’s a great TED lecture by Amanda Palmer about the power of asking, and people want to be involved in a project, especially one where they can use skills that they don’t get the chance to use at work. My beta readers work for no more than a mention in the back of the book, maybe a coffee and a cake to talk about how the book made them feel. It’s not all about spending money. It’s about investing your budget in the right places and collaborating with a team you respect. It’s a mistake to think ‘expensive’ means ‘quality.’ Some of the services I have been happiest with have cost me nothing at all.REEDSY: Thank you for your time Jane

The Controversial Classic of Huckleberry Finn Essay

The Controversial Classic of Huckleberry Finn - Essay Example The book, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, has always been a controversial topic of discussion, due to its content. Its content includes a story of a young boy, Huck, which helps his slave friend, Jim, to escape to the North to gain his freedom during the 1830s in the United States. Although Huck is very young, he grew up to that age in a slave society, which consequently leads him to be racist towards other slaves. His racism is seen throughout the novel and is also the main reason the book is so controversial. The racism in the book to some extent encourages a motivation to use the n-word. Many articles about this book suggest that the book should be taught for several reasons. They suggest the book should be taught due to the viewpoint it gives on slavery or the fact that this book was purely a recitation of the radical and unjust events which took place in the South during the period of slavery and therefore, is historically accurate. These arguments do come off as logical, ye t they are insufficient. The damage this book inflicts to black students being taught Huck Finn is very crucial. Black students will experience the pain of the word "nigger" throughout this unit even if it is not applied to them directly. Huck Finn should not be taught due to a multitude of reasons such as its excessive use of derogatory terms, teachers' inability to teach Huck Finn in a multiracial classroom without creating an unjust situation for black students, and due to the better alternative books about this time era.

Group Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Group Behavior - Essay Example Successful management of the conflict makes the team stronger. Knowing the origin of a conflict helps a leader determine whether it is functional or dysfunctional. Functional conflicts are productive while the dysfunctional conflicts are disruptive. Common sources of conflict in the team are the limitation of resources and the values, attitudes, goals, roles, personalities, interdependency and interaction of the team members. Allan C. Amazon has identified two types of conflict, namely the cognitive conflict and the affective conflict. Amazon’s research suggests that both types of conflicts are necessarily present in any kind of group, with the cognitive conflict being productive and the affective conflict being disruptive. Cognitive conflicts lead to the personal growth of the team members, identification of a workable solution, increased integration and cohesiveness of the team members whereas the affective conflicts lead to unresolved problems, waste of energy, decline in t he team’s morale and team division. Training of the team members in such core competencies as knowledge of conflict resolution methods, entrustment and cooperation are fundamental to the success of a team. The Monmouth University proposes a five-stage conflict management strategy. The five stages are awareness of the conflict resolution, training of conflict resolution, mediation, reinforcement workshops and program institutionalization. Conflict resolution requires a leader to remain impartial and promote mutual understanding among the team members. To help prevent the conflict from occurring, the leader should establish ground rules at the outset, develop team agreement on the way to resolve conflict, train the team members on communication skills, and focus on the team’s objectives. There are numerous reactive strategies that a leader may adopt to resolve the conflict. The leader can either adopt an authoritative style, a splitting

Concept of Value Proposition Essay Example for Free

Concept of Value Proposition Essay The concept of value proposition is often used in marketing literature [Anderson et al. 2006, Clarke III 2001]. Value proposition is understood in this paper as a composition of values delivered to customers by a company in order to satisfy their needs. Values are delivered to customers through products or services, other instruments of marketing or in other ways (e.g. by corporate credibility). They can be differently categorized. Probably the simplest categorization of values includes functional and symbolic values. In the traditional economy a very common rule of value proposition formulation is combining the price level with the values for customer. According to this rule, companies offering inferior values charge customers lower prices than companies offering superior values. Hence, there can be several strategies of value proposition distinguished (e.g. inferior value – low prices, superior value – high prices). The application possibilities of this rule on the Internet are constrained. The rule explains well the strategies of companies taking part in a monetary value exchange, such as online stores. Among them there are companies selling a product with inferior customer service and charging low price and other companies that enrich the same product in great customer service and expect higher prices for it. Referring values to price level may not always be used on the Internet for several reasons. In the online environment many companies offer superior customer values for free. To these companies belong newspapers publishing content or companies offering communications services on the Internet, such as e-mail or instant messaging providers. Moreover, according to Kim on the Internet the strategy of offering superior values and charging high prices is rarely adopted [2004]. In traditional economy this strategy is most often used when marketing high quality, well-branded products to affluent customers. Author distinguished five following strategies of value proposition on the Internet: strategy of efficiency, free values, complete customer solutions, unique values and value co-creation. It is worth mentioning, that these strategies have been formulated according to different criteria and may be merged. Strategy of Efficiency Efficiency strategy consists in offering values to customers, which are to lower their transactional, interaction and other costs and in this way allow savings of time and money. The examples of companies adopting this strategy are online auctions. Due to supply aggregation they offer wide range of products, which leads to lowering customer transactional costs within offer search and analyses. Moreover, these companies decrease also customer costs by reduction of information asymmetry. This phenomenon occurs when one of the transaction parties has greater knowledge than the other party and is able to take advantage of it. Usually, this is the seller who has greater knowledge, which is the best seen on the second-hand market. Online auctions reduce the information asymmetry using the seller’s evaluation performed by buyers. It is worth mentioning that online auctions also deliver knowledge on buyers, which allows reducing the risk and the transactional costs of sellers. Research of Garciano and Kaplan showed that transactional costs of buying or selling a used car with the use of Internet is twice as low as without it [Zott, Amid, 2001]. Many Internet companies apply the efficiency strategy while offering values related to communications. These solutions such as e-mail services, instant communicators, social networking websites also reduce the transactional costs of a customer. Strategy of Free Values Free value strategy is based on offering values to customers, for which they are not charged. This strategy has been popular since the early years of commercial use of Internet. As a consequence many companies, among which newspapers, charge customers outside Internet, while offering these values for free online, which in turn leads to problems with generating income. Strategy of free values can be a part of a broader business strategy assuming the revenue generation. This can be performed twofold: revenues can be generated by another group of customers or the company can charge customers for premium values. The first concept assumes that the company is acting on a multisided market and needs at least two distinct groups of customers to generate revenue [Evans, 2003]. Internet portals have two distinct groups of customers. The first one are final users who take advantage of values offered by the portal for free such as news, e-mail or search engine. The other group of customers are advertisers, who provide the portal with revenues, for which they can display advertisement. In this case the free value strategy is used in order to build customer base, on which company will offer paid services for the other group of customers (advertisers). The other method of offering free values is based on acquisition of customers, who take advantage of free values and are also offered premium values, for which they have to pay. This strategy is often called freemium, which is the composite of free and premium. This strategy may seem to be very attractive, however its biggest challenge is the necessity of offering so precious values, for which customers – who already receive free values – will be willing to pay. Strategy of Complete Customer Solutions Strategy of complete customer solutions relies on offering a broad scope of values from certain categories[*]. Internet technologies enable presenting a high number of products in online stores, which results from low technological constraints. As a consequence online stores often shape their offer according to the long tail rule, which assumes offering both best-sellers, as well as niche products. Moreover, many companies offer values based on the economies of scope. This concept consists in offering products from different categories. A travel agency taking advantage of economies of scope would also offer insurance, car rentals etc. An often quoted example of complete customer solution is Amazon.com. The company offers wide range of products (long tail) including niche products, and at the same time offers products from other categories such as household electronics (economies of scope). The strategy of complete customer solutions describes well also the strategy of Google. The company delivers different sets of values (products) allowing search, exchange and management of information in the online environment. Strategy of Unique Values The next of formulated is the strategy of unique values. A company follows this strategy, if it offers scarce values on the market. This situation is very attractive, as it allows charging high prices and thus taking advantage of high margin. The greatest disadvantage of this strategy are difficulties in creating scarce values and then sustaining the scarcity in long term. The adoption of unique values strategy may result from innovations, privileged access to resources or operating in a niche. Innovations in value offerings may lead to situation in which a company offers unique values to customer. Examples of companies following this strategy are Skype and Google with its search engine. A company may offer unique values which result from a privileged access to resources. This strategy is adopted by media companies, such as newspapers, TV or radio stations, that offer online content unavailable on other websites. Uniqueness of values offered may also result from operating in a niche, in which consumer needs are different and should be satisfied with different composition of values. Acting in a niche is often combined with a low competition pressure and a higher level of margin. A example for this strategy may be an online store offering shoes in large sizes. The strategy of unique values is attractive as it allows to burden customer with higher financial and non-financial costs. It means that a company may charge higher prices or impose higher transactional costs on them (such as slowly operating website). In an opposite case, when a company offers common values, which are also offered by a numerous number of competitors, reduction of monetary and non-monetary customer costs may be a method of increasing values for a customer. This is easily to notice in the sector of online stores offering household equipment, books, music or websites allowing hotel reservation or airline ticket purchase. In these industries, companies often compete on the Internet with low prices, which may lead to deterioration of their margin. Strategy of Value Co-Creation The strategy of value co-creation assumes that customers actively participate in shaping the value proposition, which will be delivered to themselves or to other customers. According to Prahalad and Ramaswany, this is the value co-creation with customers that is the essence of competition in modern economy [2004]. The scope of the strategy is broad. It includes the situation, in which a customer co-creates composition of values with a company for himself. The customers may also create values orientated not at themselves, but at other customers. In both cases, the process of value co-creation must be developed on the basis of mutual commitment [DobiegaÅ‚a-Korona, 2009]. In the first case, customer’s activity can be described as mass customization. According to Kleeman and Voss mass customization refers to „isolated activity of individual customers (..), not to the collective activity of many individuals† [2008]. Within the mass customization the value exchange can be described as one-to-one and the participation of other customers is not required. The examples of implementation of mass customization are numerous. Consumers may build their own computer, change the equipment of a car or design clothes. Value co-creation orientated at other customers assumes that a customer actively participates in activities aimed at creating values for other customers. The scope of these activities is also broad. They include creating and publishing content on the Internet, interaction and communication with other customers in social networking websites or software development in the Open Source movement. Usually a numerous number of customers (users) create values for other more numerous group of customers – recipients. The value exchange can be described as all-to-all, as opposed to the former one-to-one. Conclusion Competing on the Internet requires an adoption to the new environment. The way in which companies shape their values propositions is also a subject of change. Author proposed in this paper five strategies of customer value proposition. The proposed strategies are an alternative to the traditional approach combining values for customer with price level. Porter’s competitive strategies comply with the traditional approach to value proposition. According to his conclusion a company should act either as a price leader and offer low value for low prices, or as a differentiator and offer differentiated values for higher prices. New approach to value proposition on the Internet requires then new ways of achieving competitive advantage. A research combining the proposed strategies with new approach to competitive advantage may be a continuation of this paper.

To His Coy Mistress - by Andrew Marvel Essay -- English Literature:

To his coy mistress by Andrew Marvel - review. 'To his coy mistress' was written by Andrew Marvel, his exceeding love for his lover, but with closer analysis it is more intimate and is more persuasive. The poem is persuading his mistress to have sex with him, and have children however; it sounds more like he wants the pleasure, not the children. It was written in the 1600s. The poem can be split into 3 stanzas; the first stanza is romantic and flattering, but also persuasive. The implication of the first stanza she is playing hard to get or shy, and the shyness wouldn't matter if they had more time. He is saying he would love her forever and is trying to be romantic, but persuasive. He mentions 'my vegetable love should grow' which could have many implications, because it could refer to a sexual undertone, his love for her is natural or there is slow growing, so the metaphor is quite effective. In some stanzas of the poem he exaggerates because for example, a person would not just sit and admire another person for 'an hundred years' yet the poem says 'an hundre...

Race and Ethnicity Essay

The list comprised in this article is unfortunately true and eye opening. Many white people are unaware of the natural advantages that are written here. They take it for granted thinking everyone else is also entitled to these rights. Since I am not white, I can clearly see that these are privileges given to whites only. I can even say that I have never experience some of the things written in McIntosh’s list. I disagree with many of these terms. The item on her list that I feel most strongly about is: 10. Whether I use checks, credit cards or cash, I can count on my skin color not to work against the appearance of my financial reliability. People should not relate other’s financial situation based on their skin color. That is very wrong. It has been engraved into people’s minds that all black people are on welfare or food stamps because they don’t work. But that is not true. Just because someone is black does not mean that they are poor and unable to support themselves. If you are judged for walking into a high end store just because of your skin color, that is very unfair. Race and ethnicity does not have anything to do with someone’s financial reliability. Another that I think is unfair is: 12. I can swear, or dress in second hand clothes, or not answer letters, without having people attribute these choices to the bad morals, the poverty, or the illiteracy of my race. For the same reason as the previous one, race should not be a factor in the judgment of others. McIntosh sees these are privileges for white only when in fact; it should not be a privilege. Anything written on this list should be given to everyone, regardless of the race. I definitely agree with McIntosh that: whites are taught to think of their lives as morally neutral, normative, and average, and also ideal, so that when we work to benefit others, this is seen as work which will allow â€Å"themâ€Å" to be more like â€Å"us.† The idea of white privilege relates to the themes of white power because it is giving whites an overall advantage in life. White privilege also relates to the themes of white supremacy because it makes them more powerful. Privilege is being of a favored state by birth or luck. If the things stated McIntosh is called privilege, then it is extremely misleading. The idea of white privilege makes them feel confident, comfortable, and oblivious; on the other hand, other groups were likely being made unconfident, uncomfortable, and alienated. White power and white supremacy is all about making white people the most powerful and advantageous, white privilege also supports that.

The Myth of the American Dream - 1269 Words

THE MYTH OF THE AMERICAN DREAM A Raisin in the Sun is a play written by Lorraine Hansberry in the period following the Second World War. It is divided into three acts and explores the circumstances of the Younger family, a colored family living in the ghettos of southern Chicago. In particular, the play deals with the efforts of Walter Lee, the scion of the family to bring his family out of poverty and into riches by entering into a business venture. The play highlights the psychological and societal barriers to Walters goal of becoming rich like the white people he sees around him. In effect, Walters ambitions typify the American dream and the play discusses how the American dream is only a myth against the reality of financial inequality, racial prejudice and constricted social mobility. A Raisin in the Sun does not illustrate that the American dream consisting of material well-being in the form of wealth, educational and economic opportunity, and religious and social freedom is not available to everyone. In fact, the play shows that the American dream is for anybodys taking, provided that they are willing to pay the price. The play reveals the price that the Younger family needs to pay for getting the prosperous future promised in the American dream. But it is not easy for them to pay the price for it because it goes against their values and their pride that is a defining characteristic of their culture and family. Mama is the matriarch of the family andShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream : The Myth Of The American Dream1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe Myth of The American Dream   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Over the years immigrants have come to America in hopes of achieving their dreams and finding success. But is America really what it’s thought to be? 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